{"id":65396,"date":"2024-11-25T11:53:16","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T19:53:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energi.media\/?p=65396"},"modified":"2024-11-25T11:53:16","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T19:53:16","slug":"as-a-cop29-deal-on-fossil-fuels-falters-the-blame-game-begins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energi.media\/news\/as-a-cop29-deal-on-fossil-fuels-falters-the-blame-game-begins\/","title":{"rendered":"As a COP29 deal on fossil fuels falters, the blame game begins"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article was published by Grist<\/a> on Nov. 21, 2024.<\/em><\/p>\n

By Jake Bittle<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Editor\u2019s note:<\/strong>\u00a0Grist is hosting a free virtual event on January 9, 2025, at 2 pm EST \/ 11 am PST to analyze the progress and challenges seen at the U.N. climate conference known as COP29. Join Grist\u2019s Jake Bittle in conversation with attendees and experts about where global climate negotiations go from here.\u00a0<\/em>Register here.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

After a painstaking deadlock lasting nearly a week, the annual United Nations climate conference appeared to veer off course on Thursday. New negotiating texts were released in the morning, just as a rancid smell from what seemed to be a sewage leak spread throughout a central area of the conference venue in Baku, Azerbaijan.<\/p>\n

These half-dozen templates incensed countries as disparate as Zambia and New Zealand. Negotiators from both the developed and developing world argued that the Azerbaijani officials leading the conference, which is known as COP29, hadn\u2019t done enough to push forward an ambitious deal that would build upon the so-called UAE consensus \u2014 a deal brokered at last year\u2019s COP28 in Dubai, in which the nearly 200 countries of the world finally\u00a0agreed to \u201ctransition away\u201d from fossil fuels<\/a>\u00a0and accelerate\u00a0decarbonization<\/span>\u00a0within the next 10 years. As of now, this year\u2019s tentative agreement contains almost none of the COP29 proposals, like those ventured by European nations and small island states in the Pacific, that would advance this ambition.<\/p>\n

In fact, the new text released on Thursday did not even mention the landmark COP28 agreement \u2014 or even affirm the world\u2019s commitment to a clean energy transition at all. It also omitted last year\u2019s promises to triple renewable energy deployment and double energy efficiency. Proposals to phase out coal and fossil fuel subsidies, which many climate-ambitious nations like Germany had pushed, were nowhere to be found, either.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is actually going in the opposite direction,\u201d said Wopke Hoekstra, the European Union climate commissioner, in a gaggle with reporters. \u201cThat is not acceptable. We cannot accept the view that apparently for some, the previous COP did not happen.\u201d<\/p>\n

With just a day to go until the summit closes, climate-ambitious ministers from around the world have begun to blast the Azerbaijani conference presidency for what they say is a slide backwards on the all-important issue of ditching fossil fuels. In U.N. parlance, the \u201cpresidency\u201d is a neutral party made up of political operatives and ministers from the country hosting a given year\u2019s climate talks. Although they hail from the host country, they co-administer COP along with the bureaucracy of the United Nations, and they aren\u2019t supposed to put their thumb on the scale for their own government\u2019s interests \u2014 or anyone else\u2019s.<\/p>\n

Even so, presidencies have immense control over the negotiating process, which inevitably gives them the power to steer the process to their desired ends \u2014 especially when talks break down early. This became clear last year when the United Arab Emirates, which hosted COP28 in Dubai, intervened to push through a deal to transition away from fossil fuels over the objections of many other oil-producing nations.<\/p>\n

There has been a sense of d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu in Azerbaijan, a country where oil makes up an even larger share of economic output, and where attendees can see oil refineries from the windows of shuttle buses that ferry them to the conference. Even before the conference began, a watchdog group caught a senior Azerbaijani official on video suggesting he would use COP29 to facilitate deals for the nation\u2019s state-owned oil company. On the second day of the summit, Azerbaijan\u2019s president, Ilham Aliyev, called fossil fuels a \u201cgift from God.\u201d<\/p>\n

Negotiators\u2019 fears that the COP presidency would tip the scales grew stronger when Saudi Arabia, which produces around 12 percent of the world\u2019s crude oil, began to throw diplomatic wrenches in almost every negotiation arena last week. Officials from the oil-rich kingdom delayed and disputed agenda items even in talks that had nothing to do with fossil fuels, forcing discussion of untenable language and refusing to attend meetings where their presence was necessary for talks to progress.<\/p>\n

At the end of the first week, the Saudis seemed to have gotten their way. Not only was the draft text on global decarbonization in miserable shape, but negotiators couldn\u2019t even agree about where to place it on the agenda \u2014 a dispute akin to arguing over where to park at the grocery store before you even go in and start shopping. The dummy text even included a menacing caveat: \u201dParties have strongly diverging views on whether or not the following textual elements should be discussed.\u201d<\/p>\n

The 60,000-odd people at COP waited days as ministers and heads of state consulted with each other and the Azerbaijani presidency in closed-door meetings. With more than a week of negotiations in the rearview, it fell to COP29 President Mukhtar Babayev and his deputies to sort out a mess of diverging positions. Most country leaders who spoke at the conference on Thursday said he has so far failed to do that.<\/p>\n

\n
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\"Eamon
Eamon Ryan, the Irish environment minister, gives a speech during a plenary session at COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan. Ryan and other European leaders said decarbonization talks were stalling out.\u00a0Photo by Dominika Zarzycka \/ SOPA Images\/LightRocket via Getty Images<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>
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\u201cI think there\u2019s a divide,\u201d said Eamon Ryan, the environment minister for Ireland, in a gaggle with reporters early Thursday. He accused the most recent U.N. proposal on mitigation \u2014 the term of art for the U.N.\u2019s decarbonization agenda \u2014 of \u201csticking just to the status quo for vested interests in the current fossil fuel system.\u201d<\/p>\n

It\u2019s not just major oil producers who may oppose a more ambitious mitigation proposal: Several countries in the large G77 group of developing nations have been wary of endorsing a document with a firmer commitment to the energy transition without a complementary commitment from the world\u2019s high-emitting, wealthy nations to\u00a0help pay for it<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Harjeet Singh, the global director of the Fossil Fuel Treaty Initiative, an organization advocating for the global phaseout of oil and gas, said the developing countries\u2019 opposition to a decision that restates last year\u2019s UAE consensus is an attempt to push for more funding from the developed world. These countries don\u2019t want to re-endorse the energy transition decision from last year without a clear signal they\u2019ll get money to help move away from oil and gas and build out renewable energy.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s a sequencing problem,\u201d he said. \u201cWe wanted [in Dubai] to triple renewable energy and double energy efficiency. Who will provide finance for that?\u201d<\/p>\n

There is also some evidence that the presidency has given space to the interests of major fossil fuel producers on the sidelines of the conference. Negotiators from several countries, who spoke to Grist on the condition of anonymity due to the sensitivity of ongoing negotiations, have decried the presidency\u2019s last-minute appointment of a new leader to an official forum on the negative impacts of decarbonization efforts. The three negotiators who spoke to Grist have accused the presidency of making this decision on behalf of Saudi Arabia, despite widespread objections.<\/p>\n

This alleged intervention came during negotiations over a little-noticed agenda item titled \u201cimpact of implementation of response measures.\u201d This unassuming item, which has been on COP agendas for decades, is a key forum for oil-producing countries. That\u2019s because \u201cresponse measures\u201d refers to policies that mitigate carbon emissions and climate change, and the forum is an opportunity to highlight the adverse effects of climate-friendly policies.<\/p>\n

Saudi Arabia and other oil-producing countries have traditionally used the response measures group as an opportunity to decry the harms that more climate-ambitious nations are causing them, according to negotiators who have held senior roles in response measures discussions. The forum\u2019s main task this year was to agree on the topics it should discuss over the next five years. The proposals under consideration include \u201ceconomic diversification\u201d and \u201cimpacts of the implementation of response measures on human rights\u201d \u2014 topics of special interest to the Saudis, who have an oil-centric economy and have been accused of violating human rights.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
\"A
A Saudi delegate looks on during a plenary session at COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan. Several countries have accused Saudi Arabia of obstructing progress on deals to move away from fossil fuels.\u00a0Photo by Sean Gallup \/ Getty Images<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The talks progressed well for the first few days at COP29, according to the three negotiators who were involved. But at the end of the week, Saudi Arabia moved to discredit negotiators from Botswana and Iceland who were leading the discussion, telling the presidency they weren\u2019t qualified and hadn\u2019t produced any results. On the first day of the conference\u2019s all-important final week, the Azerbaijani presidency then intervened to replace the two negotiators criticized by the Saudis and install a replacement named Andrei Marcu, a veteran COP negotiator from Brussels, Belgium, who is currently affiliated with the Honduran delegation and has represented Belize and Papua New Guinea in past climate talks.<\/p>\n

The decision to appoint Marcu incensed developing countries and the United States, who saw it as a favour to Saudi Arabia, according to the three delegation members who were involved in the response measures talks. In past COPs, Marcu has sought to chair the \u201cresponse measures\u201d agenda item, but developing countries have protested and forced him out, alleging him of steering the committee\u2019s work to favour the interests of oil-producing countries.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019ve had problems with him before,\u201d said one negotiator from a developing country who has been deeply involved in the talks.\u00a0 Marcu resigned from the role on Tuesday amid criticism from Africa and the United States, but the presidency re-appointed him the following day. (The COP29 presidency, the Saudi Arabian delegation, and Marcu all did not respond to requests for comment from Grist.)<\/p>\n

Stagnation on the issue of fossil fuels appears likely to push the conference past its final scheduled day and into the weekend. As accusations flew at press conferences and huddles, the Azerbaijani presidency on midday Thursday convened a plenary session which it styled a\u00a0qurultay<\/em>, an Azerbaijani word for convention that also refers to a type of ancient military council. During the plenary, several countries voiced their dissatisfaction with the status quo on decarbonization and fossil fuels or chastised the presidency for failing to make progress on the goal to mobilize as much as $1.3 trillion in international climate finance.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe have heard clearly in this room that this text is completely disconnected from real lives,\u201d said Tina Stege, the climate envoy from the Marshall Islands, during the plenary. \u201cWe cannot play geopolitics with the lives of our citizens.\u201d<\/p>\n

A representative from Saudi Arabia, meanwhile, asserted at the plenary \u2014 in apparent disregard for his country\u2019s own endorsement of the UAE consensus last year \u2014 that it and other Arab countries \u201cwill not accept any text that targets specific sectors, including fossil fuels.\u201d<\/p>\n

After the plenary, Stege told Grist that the text on mitigation was \u201cnot a starting point that works.\u201d At the time, the conference was just over 24 hours away from its scheduled end.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This article was published by Grist on Nov. 21, 2024. By Jake Bittle Editor\u2019s note:\u00a0Grist is hosting a free virtual event on January 9, 2025, at 2 pm EST \/ 11 am PST to analyze [Read more]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":65397,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2898,80,14,16,2196],"class_list":{"0":"post-65396","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-news","8":"tag-azerbaijan","9":"tag-environment","10":"tag-featured","11":"tag-oil-and-gas","12":"tag-un"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCOP29 - Thoughtful Journalism About Energy's Future<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"After a painstaking deadlock lasting nearly a week, COP29, the annual UN climate conference appeared to veer off course on Thursday\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/energi.media\/news\/as-a-cop29-deal-on-fossil-fuels-falters-the-blame-game-begins\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"COP29 - 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