{"id":64671,"date":"2024-08-21T11:56:46","date_gmt":"2024-08-21T18:56:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energi.media\/?p=64671"},"modified":"2024-08-21T11:56:46","modified_gmt":"2024-08-21T18:56:46","slug":"almost-all-canadian-crude-oil-exports-went-to-the-united-states-in-2023-cer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energi.media\/news\/almost-all-canadian-crude-oil-exports-went-to-the-united-states-in-2023-cer\/","title":{"rendered":"Almost all Canadian crude oil exports went to the United States in 2023: CER"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article was published by The Canada Energy Regulator<\/a> on Aug. 20, 2024.<\/em><\/p>\n

Crude oil exports continued to grow in 2023, reaching a record high of 4 million barrels per (MMb\/d), an increase of 3 per cent from 2022. This growth was supported by record high Canadian oil production in 2023. In 2023, crude oil exports amounted to 81 per cent of the country’s total crude oil production(<\/span>1)<\/a><\/sup>(<\/span>2)<\/a><\/sup>. These exports were valued at $124 billion, representing 16 per cent of Canada’s total export value(<\/span>3)<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

The United States (U.S.) remains the primary destination for Canadian crude oil, receiving approximately 97 per cent of Canada\u2019s crude oil exports in 2023. The remaining 3 per cent was exported to non-U.S. destinations including the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, France, Norway, Italy, and Hong Kong (Figure 1). Alberta, Canada\u2019s largest oil producer, is also the largest source of crude oil exports to the U.S. (Figure 1). In 2023, Alberta contributed 87.4 per cent of the total volume exported to the U.S. followed by Saskatchewan with 8.9 per cent, while Newfoundland and Labrador, British Columbia (B.C.), and Manitoba contribute 1.9 per cent, 1.3 per cent, and 0.4 per cent, respectively(<\/span>4)<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Figure\u00a01: Annual Canadian Crude Oil Exports by Province to International Destinations<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Source: Canadian International Merchandise Trade database CIMT – HS 2709<\/em>
Description: This diagram shows where crude oil from different parts of Canada was exported each year. In 2023, most of the oil came from Alberta (85.2 per cent), followed by Saskatchewan (8.7 per cent), Newfoundland and Labrador (4.4 per cent), British Columbia (B.C.) (1.3 per cent), and Manitoba (0.4 per cent). Almost all of Canada\u2019s oil (97 per cent) was exported to the United States (U.S.), with most of it (87 per cent) coming from Alberta, amounting to 3.3 MMb\/d. The remaining 3 per cent was sent to countries like the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, France, Norway, Italy, and Hong Kong.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The destinations for crude oil exports to the U.S. are grouped into five regions or districts known as PADDs (Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts)(<\/span>5)<\/a><\/sup> (Figure 2). Figure 3 shows that in 2023, Canadian crude oil exports to the U.S. were primarily received by PADD 2 (U.S. Midwest), which accounted for 61.8 per cent of the total volume. PADD 3 (U.S. Gulf Coast) followed with 18.6 per cent, while PADD 5 (West Coast), PADD \u00a04 (U.S. Rocky Mountain), and PADD 1 (U.S. East Coast) received approximately 7.2 per cent, 6.8 per cent, and 2.6 per cent respectively. This is consistent with trends from previous years, where PADD\u00a02 and PADD\u00a03 are the primary receiving areas. This reflects the well-developed pipeline infrastructure that connects Canadian oil-producing regions, particularly in Alberta and Saskatchewan, to key U.S. refining hubs in PADD\u00a02 and PADD\u00a03.<\/p>\n

Figure\u00a02: United States PADD Regions and Operating Refinery Capacity as of 1\u00a0January, 2023<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Source: Number and Capacity of Petroleum Refineries by PADD, Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts Geographic Boundaries<\/em>
Description: This U.S. map shows the PADD regions and location of refineries. The bubble chart to the left of the map represents the total operating refinery capacity by PADD, and the size of the of the circles is proportional to the operating refinery capacity.<\/em>
The following information is provided on the map and in the bubble chart:<\/em>
PADD 1 (U.S. East Coast) includes 15 eastern states along the Atlantic and 7 refineries with a total operating capacity of 0.88 MMb\/d.<\/em>
PADD 2 (U.S. Midwest) includes 15 central U.S. states and 22 refineries with a total operating capacity of 3.95 MMb\/d.<\/em>
PADD 3 (U.S. Gulf Coast) includes 5 Gulf Coast states and 53 refineries with a total operating capacity of 9.68 MMb\/d.<\/em>
PADD 4 (U.S. Rockies) includes 10 Rocky Mountain states and 13 refineries with a total operating capacity of 0.54 MMb\/d.<\/em>
PADD 5 (U.S. West Coast) includes 5 Pacific states and 26 refineries with a total operating capacity of 2.64 MMb\/d.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Over the last decade, there has been a notable shift in the share of total exports from Canada to the different U.S. regions (PADDs), particularly with PADD 3. Exports to PADD 3 increased by 505 per cent from 2013 to 2023, followed by PADD 5, 2, and 4 with 47 per cent, 38 per cent, and 14 per cent increase, respectively, while PADD 1 declined by 48 per cent. Canadian oil exports gained a growing share in PADD 3 due to growing production of Canadian crude oil (particularly from the oil sands)(<\/span>6)<\/a><\/sup>(<\/span>7)<\/a><\/sup>, the ability to process heavy crude by Gulf Coast refineries (PADD\u00a03), and declining shipment from other countries (e.g. Mexico and Venezuela)(<\/span>8)<\/a><\/sup>(<\/span>9)<\/a><\/sup>. The decline in crude oil exports from Canada to PADD\u00a01 is linked to the declining refinery capacity in this region. Over the last decade, operating refinery capacity in PADD\u00a01 decreased from 1.27\u00a0MMb\/d in 2013 to 0.88\u00a0MMb\/d in 2023(<\/span>10)<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0due to the closure of several refineries(<\/span>11)<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

With the Trans Mountain Expanded System\u00a0fully in-service<\/a>, the export patterns may change over time, such as the potential for increased exports to the U.S. PADD\u00a05 and Asian markets.<\/p>\n

Figure\u00a03: Canadian Crude Oil Export Volumes by Destination<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Source: CER Commodity Tracking System<\/em>
Description: The area chart shows the daily average volume of crude oil (including condensate used as diluent) exported from Canada to each PADD by year from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, 3.85 MMb\/d were exported to the U.S. across the 5 PADDs and 2.53 MMb\/d in 2013. In 2023, 0.12 MMb\/d were exported to \u2018Other\u2019 destinations, including unspecified U.S. PADD regions and non-U.S. countries and 0.07 MMb\/d in 2013. Below is a list of volumes exported from Canada by PADD for 2013 and 2023:<\/em>
PADD 1 received 0.20 MMb\/d of crude oil exports in 2013 and 0.10 MMb\/d in 2023.<\/em>
PADD 2 received 1.78 MMb\/d of crude oil exports in 2013 and 2.45 MMb\/d in 2023.<\/em>
PADD 3 received 0.12 MMb\/d of crude oil exports in 2013 and 0.74 MMb\/d in 2023.<\/em>
PADD 4 received 0.24 MMb\/d of crude oil exports in 2013 and 0.27 MMb\/d in 2023.<\/em>
PADD 5 received 0.19 MMb\/d of crude oil exports in 2013 and 0.29 MMb\/d in 2023.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Pipelines and Refineries<\/h3>\n

The Enbridge Mainline System is the largest pipeline system in North America and the primary pipeline system for transporting crude oil from western Canada to PADD\u00a02 (Midwest), and through connecting pipelines, to PADD\u00a03 (Gulf Coast). Similarly, the Keystone Pipeline delivers Canadian crude oil to PADD\u00a02 (Midwest) and, through the connecting Marketlink Pipeline, into PADD\u00a03 (Gulf Coast). The Trans Mountain Expanded System mainly exports crude from Canadian oil to PADD\u00a05 (West Coast) and other international markets. Additional information on pipelines is available:\u00a0CER Pipeline Profiles<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Many U.S. refineries, especially those in PADD\u00a02 and PADD\u00a03, are designed to process a wide range of crude oil types, including heavy oil and diluted bitumen crude oil from Canada\u2019s oil sands, making them key markets for Canadian exports. Additional information on refineries and how crude oil is turned into various products is available:\u00a0How does a refinery turn crude oil into products like gasoline and diesel?<\/a><\/p>\n

Footnotes<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Since 2013, crude oil exports ranged from 75 per cent and 82 per cent of the country’s total crude oil production (Provincial crude oil production<\/a>\u00a0compiled by the CER and\u00a0CER Monthly Oil Export Statistics<\/a>).<\/li>\n
  2. CER’s crude oil production statistics include condensate. CER’s crude oil export statistics also include condensate that was used in diluting heavy oil and bitumen for export. A fraction of the diluted heavy oil and bitumen exported from Canada also includes imported diluent (condensate). Oil sands bitumen must be blended with diluent for transportation on pipelines, and oil sands demand for diluent is greater than domestic supply.<\/li>\n
  3. Following crude oil, passenger cars and light trucks represent the next largest export category at 9 per cent. Crude oil has been the largest exported commodity since 2008, except for 2015, 2016, and 2018 where it was second after passenger cars and light trucks (International merchandise trade by commodity, monthly<\/a>).<\/li>\n
  4. Alberta predominantly produces heavy and bitumen crude oil from the oil sands, while Saskatchewan produces heavy and light crude oil from conventional reservoirs. Newfoundland and Labrador extract light, sweet crude from offshore fields, and B.C. and Manitoba produce conventional light oil (CER\u00a0\u2013 Estimated Production of Canadian Crude Oil and Equivalent<\/a>).<\/li>\n
  5. The\u00a0Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts (PADDs)<\/a>\u00a0are geographic aggregations of the 50 U.S. States and the District of Columbia into five districts: PADD\u00a01 is the East Coast, PADD\u00a02 the Midwest, PADD\u00a03 the Gulf Coast, PADD\u00a04 the Rocky Mountain Region, and PADD\u00a05 the West Coast. PADDs were originally developed in the 1940s to help geographically ration fuel in the event of war. In recent years, U.S. oil data is generally tracked by PADD.<\/li>\n
  6. Canadian oil production increased from 3.5 million barrels per day in 2013 to 4.9 million barrels per day in 2023, representing a 41 per cent increase over the last decade (CER\u00a0\u2013 Estimated Production of Canadian Crude Oil and Equivalent<\/a>).<\/li>\n
  7. Crude oil exports to the U.S. have increased at a similar pace to production. More information on Canada\u2019s crude oil exports in relation to Canada\u2019s oil production is available:\u00a0CER\u00a0\u2013 Market Snapshot: Canada\u2019s crude oil exports kept pace with production over the last decade<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  8. EIA, PADD imports by Country of Origin<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. This led to expansions in western Canada of oil pipeline takeaway capacity and the development of more crude-by-rail facilities.<\/li>\n
  10. East Coast (PADD 1) Refinery Operating Atmospheric Crude Oil Distillation Capacity as of January\u00a01 (Barrels per Calendar Day)<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. Annual Energy Outlook – Refinery closures lower domestic crude oil distillation operating capacity, but refinery utilization rates remain flat over the long term\u00a0– U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    This article was published by The Canada Energy Regulator on Aug. 20, 2024. Crude oil exports continued to grow in 2023, reaching a record high of 4 million barrels per (MMb\/d), an increase of 3 [Read more]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":64675,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[13,2193,41,14,95,2501,597,598],"class_list":{"0":"post-64671","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-news","8":"tag-canada","9":"tag-cer","10":"tag-energy","11":"tag-featured","12":"tag-fossil-fuels","13":"tag-international-trade","14":"tag-trade","15":"tag-us"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\noil exports - Thoughtful Journalism About Energy's Future<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Canadian crude oil exports continued to grow in 2023, reaching a record high of 4 MMb\/d, an increase of 3 per cent from 2022.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/energi.media\/news\/almost-all-canadian-crude-oil-exports-went-to-the-united-states-in-2023-cer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"oil exports - 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