{"id":64447,"date":"2024-07-26T10:08:22","date_gmt":"2024-07-26T17:08:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energi.media\/?p=64447"},"modified":"2024-07-26T10:08:22","modified_gmt":"2024-07-26T17:08:22","slug":"gas-to-electricity-conversions-in-u-s-hold-lessons-for-canada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energi.media\/news\/gas-to-electricity-conversions-in-u-s-hold-lessons-for-canada\/","title":{"rendered":"Gas-to-electricity conversions in U.S. hold lessons for Canada"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article was published by The Energy Mix<\/a> on July 25, 2024.<\/em><\/p>\n

By Mitchell Beer<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

A pilot project in California aimed at converting whole neighbourhoods from gas to electricity may deliver some valuable lessons for Canada, despite differences in regulation and business models that make the comparison between the two countries a less than perfect fit.<\/p>\n

Last month, Canary Media\u00a0reported<\/a>\u00a0on\u00a0SB 1221<\/a>, a bill that is now before the California state legislature. \u201cIt would pave the way for the state\u2019s gas utilities to set up 30 \u2018zonal decarbonization\u2019 projects\u2014entire neighbourhoods where the cost of electrifying customers would be significantly lower than the cost of upgrading or replacing the old gas pipes,\u201d the news story states.<\/p>\n

With the cost of gas pipeline replacements running more than US$3 million per mile, \u201csimilar concepts are being explored in states including Colorado, Illinois, Massachusetts, New York, and Washington,\u201d writes grid specialist Jeff St. John, the publication\u2019s director of news and special projects.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe common goal is twofold: to provide gas utilities with a way to invest in assets that don\u2019t conflict with state mandates to dramatically reduce the use of fossil gas in buildings, and to avoid burdening gas customers who can\u2019t afford to go electric with rising bills to cover the sunk costs of an increasingly underutilized pipeline network.\u201d<\/p>\n

Those are two of the central issues the Canadian Climate Institute (CCI) raised last month in a comprehensive analysis that\u00a0called<\/a>\u00a0on provincial governments to rein in their expanding gas systems or risk failing to meet net zero targets, while incurring staggering costs from stranded assets.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe critical thing is that we change our approach to expansion and that we think very seriously about how we\u2019re going to deal with existing systems,\u201d CCI Senior Research Director Jason Dion said at the time. \u201cWe need to be thinking very carefully about whether [new gas infrastructure] is going to be used and useful over its lifetime,\u201d while dealing with the complexities of managing the existing gas network while demand declines.<\/p>\n

A Game-Changer<\/h2>\n

San Diego-based sustainability strategist Jamie Skaar said he saw strengths and risks in the California approach. But in a LinkedIn post last month\u00a0republished<\/a> by veteran Canadian clean energy analyst Dan Woynillowicz, he called zonal electrification a game-changer. \u201cTargeting entire neighbourhoods for gas-to-electric conversion could unlock massive economies of scale and accelerate the transition,\u201d he wrote. \u201cSavvy companies will start mapping opportunities and building community relationships now.\u201d<\/p>\n

In California, as in Canadian provinces, the risk of\u00a0stranded gas assets<\/a>\u00a0is a \u201cticking time bomb,\u201d Skaar said, with \u201cpotentially unrecoverable gas investments looming\u201d. And utilities\u2019 obligation to serve all customers can be a double-edged sword: \u201cWhile it protects consumer choice, it also hampers the ability to decommission obsolete infrastructure.\u201d<\/p>\n

For a transition process that depends on trust-building and community buy-in, he also warned against \u201cheavy-handed mandates\u201d that could \u201ctrigger backlashes and entrench opposition. Equity must be central, or else vulnerable communities could be left behind.\u201d<\/p>\n

So Skaar proposed a thought experiment: \u201cWhat if gas utilities were reimagined as energy service providers, agnostic to the fuel source? What if they could leverage their customer relationships and infrastructure to become electrification champions rather than obstacles? How might that alignment shift the entire landscape?\u201d<\/p>\n

Regulations Make the Difference<\/h2>\n

Kate Harland, the Climate Institute\u2019s mitigation research lead and a member of\u00a0The Energy Mix<\/em>\u2019s Heat & Power Sounding Board, said many of the differences between Canadian and U.S. utilities come down to regulation, and the structure of the industry itself.<\/p>\n

In California, some gas utilities are recognizing that the risk of stranded assets could fall on their customers and looking at electrification as an alternative. \u201cParticularly when you have opportunities like long lines of pipe that need replacing with few customers, that\u2019s a sweet spot to support electrification of those customers,\u201d Harland explained.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt saves the whole rate base, because otherwise they\u2019d be replacing that long line of pipe, all customers would be paying for it, and who knows if they\u2019ll stay on the system for the 40, 50, 60 years it takes to pay for the infrastructure?\u201d she added. But so far, that kind of forward thinking from utilities \u201cis something we\u2019ve seen more in the U.S.\u201d than in Canada.<\/p>\n

That\u2019s partly because U.S. regulations require it. California rules include a \u201cprudent management test\u201d that \u201ccomes down to how they\u2019re incentivized and where there\u2019s clarity about the risk,\u201d Harland said. In Canada, by contrast, \u201cthere\u2019s a little bit of ambiguity about who might pay\u201d in the event that assets are stranded.<\/p>\n

The structure of the business in each jurisdiction also has an impact. In most provinces, gas and electricity suppliers are separate, a fairly unique situation that differentiates Canada from jurisdictions elsewhere with more dual fuel utilities.<\/p>\n

The companies do advocate and work with each other, \u201cbut it makes it a lot easier to look at switching to electrification if it\u2019s a business you\u2019re already in,\u201d she said. Even for a large, to some degree dual fuel utility like FortisBC, the main focus is still on gas. So \u201cif gas is your large, central, regulated business and that\u2019s where you\u2019re getting a stable return, that\u2019s what your parent company is looking for,\u201d and investors are, too.<\/p>\n

How to Make the Switch<\/h2>\n

Harland said the U.S. states cited in the Canary Media coverage aren\u2019t the only jurisdictions embracing zonal electrification. She cited Zurich, Switzerland, and parts of Germany as places where area-wide gas networks have been replaced by heat pumps or district energy systems.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis has been done elsewhere, and it\u2019s been done on the basis that gas utilization in those areas has been falling and dropping because there\u2019s a clear alternative,\u201d she said. But it only works if communities are onboard and have lots of notice that change is happening\u2014in Zurich\u2019s case, 10 years\u2019 lead time.<\/p>\n

\u201cYou\u2019ve got to have a clear plan with a clear lead time so you\u2019re not telling customers it\u2019s going to be turned off tomorrow.\u201d<\/p>\n

As for stranded asset risk, Harland stressed the essential role of regulators in deciding whether the cost burden will fall on customers or shareholders\u2014or in most Canadian jurisdictions, utility customers or provincial taxpayers. \u201cFor utilities confronting those risks, \u201cthere\u2019s less incentive to contain them and to control and manage them\u201d if the financial responsibility is ambiguous, she said. \u201cSo that\u2019s where some of our work has been going, looking at who bears the risk. Not who should, but who will from a legal perspective.\u201d<\/p>\n

The other issue with stranded assets is whether a utility exercised prudent management in the way it anticipated and addressed the possibility. But as the energy transition unfolds, that landscape is still \u201cconfusing to many\u201d, Harland said, a situation that calls for clear and stable policies, with clear commitments and legislated, five-year targets to guide utilities\u2019 decisions.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf something is developing organically rather than by plan, if there isn\u2019t a clear energy strategy at the provincial level, then you miss opportunities to build out the electricity you need, and you actually increase costs overall.\u201d<\/p>\n

Who Gets Stuck with the Bill?<\/h2>\n

The SB 1221 conversation in California points to two other important questions, Harland said: how to define or redefine the obligation to serve, and who gets stuck with the bill if utilities get that obligation wrong.<\/p>\n

\u201cOne option which is being looked at in the United States is to have an obligation to serve consumers with heat, rather than making it specific to a particular fuel type,\u201d an approach that doesn\u2019t mandate any specific technology and might open up more affordable options for companies that are currently limited to transporting gas. That cost management opportunity ties in with the realities of a system where the costs are shared by all, but some ratepayers have more ability than others to get out.<\/p>\n

\u201cThis is about being prepared and not leaving consumers on the hook for higher costs down the road\u201d as gas dependency decreases, Harland said.<\/p>\n

\u201cAs prices rise, those most able to leave the network financially and educationally are not necessarily those with the lowest income. So managing the network, managing the gas system, and reducing some of the costs will benefit those on the lowest income, because it reduces the cost of the system overall.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This article was published by The Energy Mix on July 25, 2024. By Mitchell Beer A pilot project in California aimed at converting whole neighbourhoods from gas to electricity may deliver some valuable lessons for [Read more]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":64448,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[13,120,528,14,95,598,729],"class_list":{"0":"post-64447","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-news","8":"tag-canada","9":"tag-clean-energy","10":"tag-electrification","11":"tag-featured","12":"tag-fossil-fuels","13":"tag-us","14":"tag-utilities"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nelectricity - Thoughtful Journalism About Energy's Future<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A pilot project in California aimed at converting whole neighbourhoods from gas to electricity may deliver some valuable lessons for Canada\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/energi.media\/news\/gas-to-electricity-conversions-in-u-s-hold-lessons-for-canada\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"electricity - 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