{"id":64040,"date":"2024-06-21T10:48:31","date_gmt":"2024-06-21T17:48:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energi.media\/?p=64040"},"modified":"2024-06-25T12:30:24","modified_gmt":"2024-06-25T19:30:24","slug":"ontario-to-build-first-smr-based-on-fictitious-amalgam-in-2011-impact-assessment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energi.media\/news\/ontario-to-build-first-smr-based-on-fictitious-amalgam-in-2011-impact-assessment\/","title":{"rendered":"Ontario to build first SMR based on \u2018fictitious amalgam\u2019 in 2011 impact assessment"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>This article was published by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theenergymix.com\/ontario-to-build-first-smr-based-on-fictitious-amalgam-in-2011-impact-assessment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Energy Mix<\/a> on June 20, 2024.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>By Christopher Bonasia<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Canada\u2019s nuclear regulator will allow Ontario Power Generation to reuse a 2011 impact assessment in its application for a new reactor at its Darlington station, raising red flags for environmental and safety experts.<\/p>\n<p>With the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission\u2019s (CNSC) April 19 decision\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/nuclear-safety-commission\/news\/2024\/04\/independent-commission-determines-environmental-assessment-for-ontario-power-generations-darlington-new-nuclear-project-is-applicable-to-the-select.html\">in hand<\/a>, Ontario Power Generation (OPG) can move forward with the licensing process to build the first of four<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theenergymix.com\/canadian-mps-raise-alarm-over-nuclear-energy-drive-for-climate-goals\/\">\u00a0small modular nuclear reactors<\/a>\u00a0(SMRs) at Canada\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cna.ca\/operating-power-plants\/\">second-largest<\/a>\u00a0nuclear facility, a project dubbed the Darlington New Nuclear Project (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.opg.com\/projects-services\/projects\/nuclear\/smr\/darlington-smr\/\">DNNP<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Review Dates Back to 2011<\/h2>\n<p>The existing environmental assessment (EA) for the new project\u2014completed in 2011 without considering a specific reactor for the site\u2014is applicable to the reactor technology that OPG has recently selected, namely the General Electric Hitachi BWRX<strong>\u2011<\/strong>300 reactor, the commission said.<\/p>\n<p>Rather than considering a single technology for the site, OPG had completed the EA using a \u201cplant parameter envelope\u201d (PPE)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca\/eng\/resources\/status-of-new-nuclear-projects\/darlington\/public-summary\/\">approach<\/a>, which examined potential impacts based on a range of design factors and variables from several reactor technologies it was considering.<\/p>\n<p>This dated, hypothetical nature of the EA has observers concerned.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThey took some of the characteristics of the different types of the three technologies they looked at previously, and used those to characterize what they call the outer boundaries\u2014or boundary limits\u2014of different aspects of the EA,\u201d Theresa A. McClenaghan, executive director and counsel for the Canadian Environmental Law Association, told\u00a0<em>The Energy Mix.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u201cAnd so they conducted the environmental assessment on this fictitious amalgam\u2014no actual technology, just aspects of potential impacts from various technologies.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The Darlington site is licensed for a new nuclear plant under an application process that dates back to 2006. The project that passed that process was cancelled in 2014, but OPG maintained the licence and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.opg.com\/powering-ontario\/our-generation\/nuclear\/darlington-nuclear\/darlington-new-nuclear\/\">resumed<\/a>\u00a0planning activities for the site in 2020, with an operational power plant expected in 2028.<\/p>\n<p>OPG\u2019s EA is from 2011, before the original project was cancelled. But in 2012, the federal government \u201caccepted\u201d or \u201caccepted the intent\u201d of the EA, asserting that \u201cresponsible authorities would need to determine\u201d whether a future OPG proposal was fundamentally different from the specific reactor technologies assessed\u2014and whether a new EA would be required.<\/p>\n<p>After that, OPG received a 10-year \u2018Licence to Prepare Site\u2019, which was re-issued for another 10 years in 2021. The project\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ontarioconstructionnews.com\/first-phase-of-ontarios-first-small-modular-reactor-smr-complete\/\">completed\u00a0<\/a>the first phase of site preparation earlier this month.<\/p>\n<p>But intervenors at the CNSC\u2019s more recent public hearings\u2014including several First Nations and environmental, nuclear, and community organizations\u2014raised concerns about differences in the new design.<\/p>\n<p>They warned that the BWRX-300 is a novel reactor technology that is not currently in operation, that there would be different air emissions because of its release height and thermal emissions, that the BWRX-300 would have fundamental differences in radioactive waste inventories and the weight of the spent fuel cask, and that there was insufficient information and analysis on effects of multi-unit accidents.<\/p>\n<p>The CNSC\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/nuclear-safety-commission\/news\/2024\/04\/independent-commission-determines-environmental-assessment-for-ontario-power-generations-darlington-new-nuclear-project-is-applicable-to-the-select.html\">responded<\/a>\u00a0that it did not consider the BWRX-300 to be \u201cfundamentally different\u201d from the technologies assessed in the original EA.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt is important to note that this decision does not authorize the construction of a BWRX<strong>\u2011<\/strong>300 reactor\u201d for the DNNP,\u201d the regulator added. \u201cThe Commission will hold a future public hearing to consider OPG\u2019s application for a licence to construct one BWRX<strong>\u2011<\/strong>300 reactor at the Darlington nuclear site.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Responding to concern about groundwater flow, a representative said OPG had used three-dimensional modelling to investigate the impacts. \u201cThe results showed a temporary impact during the construction phase due to dewatering requirements,\u201d they said, but no permanent problems once groundwater levels were allowed to return to pre-construction levels.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">OPG Must Work with First Nations<\/h2>\n<p>First Nations intervenors said the original EA process had a narrow focus regarding cumulative effects and did not reflect the broad scope of Indigenous knowledge systems. They said it wasn\u2019t clear if the OPG\u2019s assessment included an understanding of the existing Darlington station\u2019s legacy impacts. An OPG representative acknowledged that its process may have satisfied Western, but not Indigenous, expectations. But CSNC ruled that the cumulative effects associated with deploying the BWRX-300 were within the EA\u2019s parameters.<\/p>\n<p>But the regulator said it still expected OPG to \u201cwork collaboratively\u201d with local First Nations to scope out the extent, timing, and content of an updated cumulative effects assessment, including effects on Indigenous rights, while incorporating Indigenous knowledge.<\/p>\n<p>Intervenors also raised concerns about regulatory gaps in the requirements of the 2011 EA, which was subject to less comprehensive impact assessment legislation than it would be today. In response, the Commission said the EA remains valid regardless of its age or any changes to legislation that have occurred since.<\/p>\n<p>McClenaghan responded that not all the impacts that would be assessed today were on the table during the original review.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf the new environmental assessment legislation was applied, yes, there would be additional factors,\u201d she said. At the same time, other amendments<a href=\"https:\/\/cela.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/EN-SMR-Primer.pdf\">\u00a0exempt SMRs<\/a>\u00a0under a 200-megawatt threshold\u2014so a single installation on an existing nuclear plant site might not be subject to an EA under new legislation.<\/p>\n<p>McClenaghan says the EA\u2019s plant parameter approach fell short of a thorough assessment of the issues associated with the BWRX-300, like waste disposal and accident risk, which are \u201cvery, very specific to the type of technology.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>She also expressed doubts about the process that led to the hearing\u2019s outcome. \u201cThe way these hearings work is that there\u2019s<a href=\"https:\/\/api.cnsc-ccsn.gc.ca\/dms\/digital-medias\/20171102-public-proceedings-science-based-eng.pdf\/object\">\u00a0no cross examination of witnesses<\/a>,\u201d she explained. \u201cThere\u2019s no qualification of experts, there\u2019s no sworn testimony.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSo all of these things that had a very crude valuation 15 years ago now have doubly potent evaluation when you\u2019re trying to extrapolate them to a specific technology that wasn\u2019t even on the table back then.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>This article was published by The Energy Mix on June 20, 2024. By Christopher Bonasia Canada\u2019s nuclear regulator will allow Ontario Power Generation to reuse a 2011 impact assessment in its application for a new <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/energi.media\/news\/ontario-to-build-first-smr-based-on-fictitious-amalgam-in-2011-impact-assessment\/\" title=\"Ontario to build first SMR based on \u2018fictitious amalgam\u2019 in 2011 impact assessment\">[Read more]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":64042,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"give_campaign_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[13,2779,528,14,1085,200],"class_list":{"0":"post-64040","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-news","8":"tag-canada","9":"tag-canadian-nuclear-safety-commission","10":"tag-electrification","11":"tag-featured","12":"tag-nuclear-energy","13":"tag-ontario"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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